Kinematics word problems: the solving recipe

The universal recipe: draw, define the frame, list the five quantities, pick the equation, check signs.

Kinematics word problems: the solving recipe0 min · Free lecture

In this lesson

  • The universal recipe: draw, define the frame, list the five quantities, pick the equation, check signs.

Every kinematics problem dies by the same five-step ritual.

1) Sketch and mark the origin and +x direction. 2) List u, v, a, s, t with values and question marks. 3) Choose the equation with exactly the knowns + the unknown. 4) Solve with units. 5) Sanity-check magnitude and sign.

Word problems hide the data in sentences — translate 'comes to rest' as v = 0, 'dropped' as u = 0, 'retardation' as negative a.

v=u+at, s=ut+12at2v = u + at,\ s = ut + \tfrac12 at^2

The workhorse equations

Worked example

A body moves with v = 10 m/s for 3 s, then v = 5 m/s for 2 s in the same direction. Find the total distance.

  1. Distance = area under the v–t graph.
  2. 10×3 + 5×2 = 30 + 10 = 40 m.

Answer: 40

Transcript (0 min)
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Kinematics word problems: the solving recipe — FemtoLearn.
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The universal recipe: draw, define the frame, list the five quantities, pick the equation, check signs.

Frequently asked

What is the most common mistake?

Applying constant-acceleration equations when a varies, or misassigning signs.

Printable notes (free)

Practice

Free · 4 questions with full solutions
  1. Q1 · Numerical · difficulty 2/5

    A body moves with v = 10 m/s for 3 s, then v = 5 m/s for 2 s in the same direction. Find the total distance.

  2. Q2 · Numerical · difficulty 2/5

    A body starts from rest with a = 4 m/s². Find the displacement in the 5th second.

  3. Q3 · Numerical · difficulty 2/5

    A body starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at 9.5 m/s². Find the displacement in the 8th second of its motion.

  4. Q4 · Numerical · difficulty 2/5

    The acceleration of a body starting from rest is a = 2 m/s² for 4 s, then zero for 2 s. Find its velocity at t = 6 s.